Every technology in the book

.NET

Framework

Mentioned

Microsoft’s cross-platform development platform for C# applications, from web APIs to desktop and cloud.

Four properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) that guarantee reliable database transactions.

Angular

Framework

Explained

Google’s full frontend framework, with routing, forms, an HTTP client and dependency injection out of the box.

Apache Hadoop

Platform

Mentioned

Framework for distributed storage and processing of very large datasets across clusters of machines.

Apache Kafka

Platform

In depth

Distributed event-streaming platform for publishing, storing and processing huge streams of events in real time.

A single entry point for all API calls in a microservices architecture, handling routing, auth and rate limiting.

Argo CD

Tool

Explained

GitOps tool for Kubernetes that keeps the cluster automatically in sync with a Git repository.

Processing pattern where work runs in the background without blocking whoever asked for it.

The world’s largest cloud platform, with hundreds of services for compute, storage, databases and more.

Azure

Cloud service

Mentioned

Microsoft’s cloud platform with deep integration into .NET, Active Directory and enterprise tooling.

Bash

Tool

In depth

The most widely used Unix shell. You drive the terminal with it, write scripts and automate tasks.

Password-hashing algorithm that is deliberately slow to make brute-force attacks expensive.

Bitbucket

Tool

Mentioned

Atlassian’s Git hosting platform, tightly integrated with Jira and Confluence.

The output of a build: JAR files, bundles, binaries or images ready for deployment.

C

Programming language

Explained

Systems programming language with direct control over memory and hardware. The foundation of many operating systems and embedded software.

C#

Programming language

Explained

Microsoft’s language for the .NET platform. Popular for desktop, web and game development (Unity).

C++

Programming language

Explained

An extension of C with object-oriented features. Widely used for game engines and system components.

Temporarily keeping frequently requested data in a fast location to avoid repeating expensive work.

Cassandra

Database

Mentioned

Distributed NoSQL database built for high availability and massive write volumes.

The practice of continuously integrating, testing and (automatically) releasing code to production.

Immutable snapshots of an application and all its dependencies, ready to run as a container.

Storage for container images: a library of ready-to-run software packages.

Security mechanism that decides which domains may call an API from the browser.

An attack where a malicious site sends requests on behalf of a logged-in user without their knowledge.

CSS

Programming language

In depth

The styling language that decides how HTML elements look: colors, layout, typography and animation.

Data structures that speed up database lookups, like the index at the back of a book.

Version control for database schemas: scripts that change the schema in a controlled way.

A group of database operations that succeed or fail as one: all or nothing.

Datadog

Monitoring

Mentioned

SaaS platform that brings metrics, logs and traces from your whole stack together in one observability tool.

DBeaver

Tool

Mentioned

Universal database client with a graphical interface for writing queries and exploring tables.

A special queue where messages land when they could not be processed, so they can be inspected later.

Design pattern where dependencies are handed in from outside instead of created by the object itself.

Techniques for shipping new versions with minimal risk: blue-green, canary and rolling updates.

Developer tools built into the browser for inspecting the DOM, network, performance and console.

Translates domain names (like google.com) into IP addresses so computers can find each other.

Docker

Platform

In depth

Container platform that packages applications with all their dependencies into portable containers.

Docker Hub

Platform

Explained

The largest public registry for Docker images, where you find and share container images.

The tree the browser builds from HTML. JavaScript manipulates the DOM to change the page dynamically.

An object that carries data between layers or systems, without business logic.

Elasticsearch

Database

Explained

Distributed search and analytics engine, at the core of the ELK stack for log analysis.

Framework for building desktop applications with web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript).

ELK Stack

Monitoring

In depth

Elasticsearch, Logstash and Kibana combined to collect, store and visualise logs.

Minimalist Node.js web framework for building APIs and web servers.

Flux

Tool

Mentioned

GitOps tool that keeps Kubernetes clusters automatically in sync with the configuration in Git.

Git

Tool

In depth

Distributed version control system. Tracks every change to your code and makes collaboration possible.

GitHub

Tool

In depth

The largest platform for Git hosting, code review, issues and CI/CD (GitHub Actions).

GitHub Actions

Tool

In depth

CI/CD platform built into GitHub. Automates building, testing and deploying through YAML workflows.

GitLab

Tool

Explained

DevOps platform with Git hosting, CI/CD, a container registry and more in a single tool.

GitLab CI

Tool

Explained

The CI/CD system built into GitLab, configured through a .gitlab-ci.yml file.

Way of working where the desired state of infrastructure and deployments lives in Git.

Go

Programming language

Mentioned

Simple, compiled language from Google with built-in concurrency through goroutines. Popular for cloud tooling.

Google Cloud

Cloud service

Mentioned

Google’s cloud platform, strong in data analytics, machine learning and Kubernetes (GKE).

Gradle

Tool

Explained

Flexible build system for JVM projects, configured with a Groovy or Kotlin DSL.

Grafana

Monitoring

In depth

Open-source platform for visualising metrics and logs in rich, configurable dashboards.

Query language for APIs that lets the client specify exactly which data it needs.

Dynamic JVM language with a concise syntax. Common in Gradle build scripts and Jenkins pipelines.

Google’s fast RPC framework built on Protocol Buffers. Efficient for service-to-service traffic.

HashiCorp Vault

Tool

Mentioned

A central vault for secrets: stores API keys, passwords and certificates securely and hands them out under control.

HTML

Programming language

In depth

The markup language that defines the structure of web pages: headings, paragraphs, links, images and forms.

The protocol the web runs on: request and response between client and server.

The encrypted version of HTTP over TLS. Protects data in transit from eavesdropping.

The property that running an operation several times has the same result as running it once.

Describing infrastructure in code so it is version-controlled and repeatable.

IntelliJ IDEA

Tool

Explained

JetBrains’ powerful IDE and the standard for Java and Kotlin development.

A unique numeric address that identifies every device on a network. IPv4 uses 32-bit, IPv6 128-bit addresses.

Jaeger

Monitoring

Explained

Open-source distributed tracing system that follows requests across many services.

Java

Programming language

In depth

Strongly typed, object-oriented language that runs on the JVM. A favourite for enterprise backend systems.

JavaScript

Programming language

In depth

The language of the web. Runs in every browser, and on the server with Node.js. Dynamically typed.

JDK

Platform

Explained

The complete Java development kit: compiler, debugger, tools and the JRE.

Jenkins

Tool

Explained

Open-source automation server for CI/CD, extensible with hundreds of plugins.

JRE

Platform

Explained

The runtime for executing compiled Java programs (JVM plus standard libraries).

Lightweight data-interchange format and the standard for API communication on the web.

JVM

Platform

In depth

The virtual machine that executes Java bytecode and makes Java platform-independent: "write once, run anywhere".

Compact, self-contained token for authentication, carrying cryptographically signed claims.

Kibana

Monitoring

Explained

Visualisation tool for Elasticsearch data, with dashboards, charts and a search interface for logs.

Kotlin

Programming language

Explained

Modern JVM language by JetBrains with null safety and a concise syntax. Officially recommended for Android.

kubectl

Tool

Explained

Command-line tool for managing Kubernetes clusters: inspecting pods, deploying and scaling.

Kubernetes

Platform

In depth

Container orchestration platform that automates deploying, scaling and managing containerised applications.

Linux

Platform

Explained

Open-source operating system powering most servers, containers and cloud platforms.

Logstash

Monitoring

Explained

Data processing pipeline that collects, transforms and forwards logs and events from many sources.

macOS

Platform

Mentioned

Apple’s Unix-based operating system. Many developers work on a Mac with the Zsh or Bash terminal.

MariaDB

Database

Mentioned

Open-source fork of MySQL: fully compatible, with extra features and better performance.

Maven

Tool

Explained

Build system for Java projects that manages dependencies through a central pom.xml file.

Messages are placed in a queue and processed by consumers, decoupling the systems involved.

Lightweight JVM framework with compile-time dependency injection. Ideal for microservices and serverless.

Architectural style that splits an application into small, independently deployable services.

Microsoft SQL Server

Database

Mentioned

Microsoft’s relational database, tightly integrated with .NET and Azure.

MongoDB

Database

Explained

Document-oriented NoSQL database that stores JSON-like documents with a flexible schema.

Architectural style where the whole application is built and deployed as one cohesive unit.

Architectural pattern that separates code into presentation, business logic and data access.

MySQL

Database

Explained

One of the most popular open-source relational databases in the world.

A common performance problem where one query triggers N extra queries, one per row.

New Relic

Monitoring

Mentioned

Observability platform for application performance: tracks response times, errors and user experience.

Nginx

Platform

Mentioned

Fast web server and reverse proxy that spreads traffic, terminates TLS and serves static files.

Node.js

Framework

In depth

JavaScript runtime built on the V8 engine that lets JavaScript run outside the browser.

npm

Tool

In depth

The default package manager for Node.js. Manages dependencies and scripts through package.json.

Programming paradigm that organises code around objects with data (attributes) and behaviour (methods).

OpenTelemetry

Monitoring

In depth

Vendor-neutral standard for collecting traces, metrics and logs from applications.

Oracle Database

Database

Mentioned

Commercial relational database that has been the standard in large enterprises for decades.

The default package manager for Python. Installs libraries from PyPI.

Pods

Platform

In depth

The smallest unit in Kubernetes: a group of one or more containers that run together.

Numbers (0 to 65535) that decide which application on a machine receives the network traffic.

PostgreSQL

Database

In depth

Powerful open-source relational database with rich support for complex queries and extensions.

Postman

Tool

Mentioned

Tool for composing, sending and testing API requests without writing a client yourself.

A process is a running program with its own memory. Threads are lightweight units of execution inside a process.

Prometheus

Monitoring

In depth

Open-source monitoring and alerting system that scrapes metrics and stores them as time series.

JetBrains’ IDE dedicated to Python, with smart auto-completion and debugging.

Python

Programming language

In depth

Readable, versatile language with a huge ecosystem. Dominant in data science, AI and scripting.

Lightning-fast JVM framework optimised for containers and cloud-native workloads.

RabbitMQ

Platform

In depth

Reliable open-source message broker supporting multiple protocols (AMQP, MQTT, STOMP).

Authorisation model that grants access based on roles rather than individual users.

React

Framework

In depth

Meta’s UI library built on components and a virtual DOM. By far the most popular frontend choice.

React Native

Framework

Mentioned

Framework for building native mobile apps with React and JavaScript.

Red Hat OpenShift

Platform

Mentioned

Red Hat’s enterprise Kubernetes platform with extra security, tooling and developer experience.

Redis

Database

In depth

Blazing-fast in-memory data store used as a cache, session store and message broker.

Architectural style for APIs built on HTTP methods and resources. The most widely used API style.

Dynamic language designed for developer happiness. Best known for the Ruby on Rails framework.

Rust

Programming language

Explained

Systems language with guaranteed memory safety and no garbage collector. Rapidly growing in popularity.

JVM language that blends object-oriented and functional programming. Popular for big-data processing.

Securely storing and distributing sensitive configuration such as API keys, passwords and certificates.

Measurable indicators (SLI), objectives (SLO) and agreements (SLA) about how reliable a service is.

Snowflake

Database

Mentioned

Cloud data warehouse that separates storage from compute, built for analysing large volumes of data.

Five design principles (Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov, Interface Segregation, Dependency Inversion) for maintainable code.

Spring

Framework

Explained

Comprehensive Java framework with dependency injection, AOP and integration modules for enterprise applications.

Spring Boot

Framework

In depth

Opinionated layer on top of Spring with auto-configuration and an embedded server for a fast start.

The standard language for querying, inserting, updating and deleting data in relational databases.

An attack that injects malicious SQL through input fields to manipulate the database.

SQLite

Database

Mentioned

Lightweight relational database in a single file. No separate server needed.

Protocol and tool for secure, encrypted connections to remote servers.

Swift

Programming language

Mentioned

Apple’s language for iOS, macOS and watchOS apps. Safe and fast.

Reliable transport protocol that guarantees data arrives complete and in the right order.

Tekton

Tool

Mentioned

Kubernetes-native framework for running CI/CD pipelines as reusable tasks inside the cluster.

The text interface for running commands on your operating system: your door to the shell.

Terraform

Tool

In depth

HashiCorp’s Infrastructure-as-Code tool. Describes cloud infrastructure declaratively in HCL files.

TypeScript

Programming language

In depth

A superset of JavaScript with static types. Catches bugs early and improves tooling and documentation.

Fast but unreliable transport protocol, for when speed matters more than completeness.

VS Code

Tool

Explained

Microsoft’s lightweight, extensible code editor and the most popular editor in the world.

Vue

Framework

Explained

Progressive frontend framework with a gentle learning curve, combining ideas from Angular and React.

Protocol for real-time, two-way communication between client and server over one persistent connection.

Windows

Platform

Mentioned

Microsoft’s operating system. Developers use PowerShell or WSL to get a Linux terminal.

Markup format for structured data. Older and more verbose than JSON, still common in enterprise.

An attack that injects malicious JavaScript into a page so it runs in other users’ browsers.

Readable, indentation-based configuration format used for CI/CD pipelines and Kubernetes manifests.

Alternative JavaScript package manager, originally built by Facebook.